Postcolonial Literature Essay Example

Postcolonial Literature Essay Example Postcolonial Literature Essay Postcolonial Literature Essay Postcolonial literature 1. What is postcolonial literature? Postcolonial literature, a category devised to replace and expand upon what was once called Commonwealth Literature. As a label, it thus covers a very wide range of writings from countries that were once colonies or dependencies of the European powers. There has been much debate about the scope of the term: should predominantly white ex-colonies like Ireland, Canada, and Australia be included? why are the United States exempted both from the accepted list of former colonies and rom the category of colonizing powers? In practice, the term is applied most often to writings from Africa, the Indian sub-continent the Caribbean, and other regions whose histories during the 20th century are marked by colonialism, anti-colonial movements, and subsequent transitions to post-Independence society. Critical attention to this large body of work in academic contexts is often influenced by a distinct school of postcolonial theory which developed in the 1980s and 1990s, under the influence of Edward W. Saids landmark study Orientalism (1978). Postcolonial heory considers vexed cultural-political questions of national and ethnic identity, otherness, race, imperialism, and language, during and after the colonial periods. It draws upon post-structuralist theories such as those of deconstruction in order to unravel the complex relations between imperial centre and colonial periphery, often in ways that have been criticized for being excessively abstruse. Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx In a broad sense, postcolonial literature is writing which has been affected by the imperial process from the moment of colonization to the present day (Ashcroft et al, ). In Indias case, this includes novels, poetry,and drama which were written both during and after the British Raj or Reign, which came to a formal conclusion with Indian Independence in August 1947. Although writing from India and other formerly colonized countries such as Nigeria, Jamaica, Pakistan, and Singapore has distinctive features, postcolonial literature shares some significant concerns and characteristics. Concerns Reclaiming spaces and places. Colonialism was, above all, a means of claiming and exploiting foreign lands, resources, and people. Enslavement, indentured labor, and migration forced many indigenous populations to move from the places that they consideredhome. Postcolonial literature attempts to counteract their resulting alienation from their surroundings by restoring a connection between indigenous people and places through description, narration, and dramatization 2) Asserting cultural integrity During colonization, the indigenous cultures of those countries subjected to foreign rule were otten sidelined, suppressed, and openly denigrated in tavor ot elevating he social and cultural preferences and conventions of the colonizers. In response, much postcolonial literature seeks to assert the richness and validity of indigenous cultures in an effort to restore pride in practices and traditions thatwere systematically degraded under colonialism. 3) Revising history Colonizers often depicted their colonial subjects as existing outside of history in unchanging, timeless societies, unable to progress or develop without their in tervention and assistance. In this way, they Justified their actions, including violence gainst those who resisted colonial rule. Revising history to tell things from the perspective of those colonized is thus a major preoccupation of postcolonial writing . Characteristics Resistant descriptions Postcolonial writers use detailed descriptions of indigenous people, places, and practices to counteract or resist the stereotypes, inaccuracies, and generalizations which the colonizers circulated in educational, legal, political, and social texts and settings. 2) Appropriation of the colonizers language Although many colonized countries are home to multiple indigenous languages -in India, for example, more than 12 languages exist alongside English many postcolonial writers choose to write in the colonizers tongue. However, authors such as Arundhati Roy deliberately play with English, remolding it to reflect the rhythms and syntax of indigenous languages, and inventing new words and styles to demonstrate mastery of a language that was, in a sense, forced upon them. 3) Reworking colonial art-forms Similarly, authors such as Arundhati Roy rework European art-forms like the novel to reflect indigenous modes of invention and creation. They reshape imported co Ionial rt-forms to incorporate the style, structure, and themes of indigenous modes of creative expression, such as oral poetry and dramatic performances. 2. How do you understand the term: to docolonize the mind? In my opinion this concept is related toa Postcolonial frame of reference. The idea of decolonizing the mind is one where an individual seeks to construct a reality outside of the Colonial element that has been constructed for them. The idea of decolonizing the mind relates to the individual experience of a social or political reality. In this concept, here are certain elements of cultural capital that go along with Colonization that directly impac ts the individual. What is considered right, Just, tair, beautitul, acceptable, and normative are all challenged when one seeks to decolonize the mind and envision a Postcolonial world. This becomes one of the fundamental issues behind postcolonial literature, namely how does an individual define their own existence beyond a colonial one that has sought to define them for so long. Essentially, in the decolonization of mind one has to define themselves, a process that is challenged when one has been defined. This shifting from object to subject becomes one of the primary focal points of decolonization of the mind. 3. What is diaspora in postcolonial context? A diaspora is a scattered population with a common origin in a smaller geographic area. The word can also refer to the movement of the population from its original homeland. [2][3] The word has come to refer particularly to historical mass dispersions of an involuntary nature, such as the expulsion of Jews from Europe, the African Trans-Atlantic slave trade, the southern Chinese during the coolie slave trade, r the century-long exile of the Messenians under Spartan rule. 3] Recently, scholars have distinguished between different kinds of diaspora, based on its causes such as imperialism, trade or labor migrations, or by the kind of social coherence within the diaspora community and its ties to the ancestral lands. Some diaspora communities maintain strong political ties with their homeland. Other qualities that may be typical of man y diasporas are thoughts of return, relationships with other communities in the diaspora, and lack of full assimilation into the host country. ] The word diaspora derives from a Greek word that means scattering or dispersion, and from that original sense is derived another meaning which encompasses human migration and movement away from a perceived homeland. In this sense, human history has witnessed various kinds of diaspora at different points of time, some willing, as in the case of those migrating in the search of better employment, a better life, and some involuntary under the pressures of political or social persecution or as a result of natural catastrophe or of imperialisms.

Assessment of Basketball in Lexington, Kentucky

Assessment of Basketball in Lexington, Kentucky As an amateur anthropologist, I was to participate in my observation, which I did to the best of my ability. Choosing my topic was the most difficult for me. Coming to America there are so many options that I could choose to research. So what was I to do? Well, being in the state of Kentucky, Lexington at that, I decided to research a sporting event in which Americans call basketball. As soon as I stepped of the big metal bird, I saw a picture of a wild cat holding a round orange ball. I remember thinking, I could never hunt these animals, they are too smart, they are nothing similar to the ones in the Outback of Australia. So I stopped the person that rode next to me on the metal bird, What is that animal doing with that ball? He remarked, We are in Lexington, home of the Kentucky Wildcats. With that he walked away. How could Kentucky be considered the home of the wildcat? We have many in the Outback. So, I continued down the nest where the birds drink and rest. Then it finally hit me, the name of the basketball team were the Wildcats. I was well on my way to find these Kentucky Wildcats. I arrived where they house the wildcats that play ball. The name of the cage was Rupp Arena. Apparently, I was not the only one interested in watching these trained animals play the sport of basketball. The price to watch these animals were extremely expensive; thirty dollars in American currency which would translate into 300 of my own currency. Once inside the cage I found that it was not at all what I thought it to be. There was an enormous amount of people present. In my observation this event is the biggest that people in this culture attend. In this cage you could smell a variety of things. Some smells were all too familiar from home; the urine smell as you walked into the place where people went to relieve themselves reminded me of the Hole. They had many different foods that smelled nothing like anything that I have ever smelled before. They had a brown thing that was twisted into a weird design; they had something that was in the form of a triangle that looked like a piece o f bread with cheese on top and round meat. I later learned that this food was called pizza. I was introduced to sweet dirty water that they call Pepsi. They gave me little square chunks of ice to keep my Pepsi cold while I watch these animals play basketball. I was ready to go watch the animals. What a weird event that brought an extreme amount of people. As I enter the main room of the cage I find that the floor is made of wood with writing on it and there are two weird looking trees, one at each end of the court. I was overwhelmed by what I saw, I had to go down there and see what was going on. I figured there are a lot of people down there looking at the weird trees and the wood flooring with writing on it so why not join them. But what I was confused about was the fact that there were twenty-six people on this floor throwing orange balls into a ring attached on the trees. Maybe this was a ritual before the wildcats were brought out. As I try to take my first step onto the floor a man that was wearing a yellow coat with black lettering stopped me. He tried to explain that only payers could be on the floor. The expression on my face may have shown him that I was an outsider and he explained that the game was about to begin and I should take my seat. So before I found the correct seat after sitting in three other peoples seats, a man wearing a blue vest finally showed me to my seat. After sitting for ten minutes the villagers began standing. In order to attempt to fit in I did this also. After I stood, music began to play and for awhile it appeared that everyone was staring at me, but after a few moments I realized that they were looking at a flag which represents the United States. After the song was over, I did as the rest and sat down. I was ready to see the wild cats play basketball. To my surprise 10 of the twenty-six people that was throwing the orange ball into the rings on the trees walked out wearing their tribal colors, five on each tribe. Then thre e guys that were dressed like zebras walked out on to the floor with the two different tribes carrying the same orange ball that the tribal men were throwing up earlier. After everyone walked out onto the floor everyone began to yell as loud as they could and stomp their feet and clap their hands yelling, Go Wildcats. In absolute joy I stand up expecting to see the animals playing basketball, but instead it is the tribal men. They are running back and forth with the orange ball. Several of the men would throw the ball to the ground and it would bounce back up to them, as they would run with it. The tribal men would group themselves up in pairs and take turns standing in front of them waving their arms like they are crazy. I think that it was a ritual to do this to each other as to show respect for one another. The zebra looking men never touched the orange ball except when the made a loud noise through a little black thing they blew into. The zebras controlled tempers that both trib es would let explode into anger. Every time a tribe man would get hit by an opposite member of the tribe the zebra would blow his little black thing and hold up fingers towards the villagers in the bleachers. I noticed that this culture would use hand motions to communicate. As a participant I would mimic their actions and throw my hands in the air when they did. It was strange because the same motion would show either disgust or joy for their tribe. Some would even display their middle finger, which I took as a demeaning gesture. After twenty minutes of the tribes playing basketball, a loud horn sounded calling the tribes off the court. At this time all the villagers got up from their seat and go to the cages meeting place, where one could get food and beverage or urinate. Some would even put a small white stick to their mouth and proceed to catch it on fire. After thirty minutes everyone shuffled back into the stomping grounds in which were for before the big horn blew again. Once again the two tribal men took to the big wooden floor and the weird trees. I noticed that the chief was not wearing the same garments as his followers. He wore clothes that covered all his body except his face. The tribe men wore shirts with the sleeves ripped off and pants with half the legs cut off. I think that maybe the tribes men have battled prior to this meeting and this was the reason for their ragged garments. The chiefs never stepped onto the big wood floor. He did however wave his hands like a crazy man and even jumped up and down like the followers under him. Some of the men would even dive into the villagers to see if they were paying attention to what was unfolding before them. The assortment of the villagers was amazing. It seemed no matter if you had colored or you were pale you were accepted if you did well for the tribe and considered a disgrace if you hurt the tribe. Both tribes had people of different colors and ages. Some had graybeards and wrinkly skin and oth ers were too young to talk and show their approval for their tribe. All come out to show support and to encourage their respected tribe. After spending a Thursday night in a cage called Rupp Arena I learned that the tribes name is called the Wildcats and it is a competitive sporting event and nothing more. However, some of the villagers always think that they can do better than who represent them. I have found that if I live by these three rules in Rupp Arena one can successfully fill his/her role in compiling data; one- go along with the crowd, they have been around for awhile and know the ropes; two- yell loud for the tribe that traveled the least amount to get to Rupp Arena; three- smile and hit others hands when the orange ball goes through the ring on the tree. It is wise to yell for the tribe that you sit amongst. I would always have a person helping me to learn the game of basketball as Barbara Anderson had someone show her the ropes in the bathhouse. And to find out information about what was happening, I would ask just as she did to find out more about the culture in Denmark. As I just sat there observing the actions I found that everything was universal, the yelling, the hand gestures, and the jumping up and down. They were all actions that showed either disgust or joy for what was happening on the floor. This is a way that people can enjoy life and kick back and enjoy the actions that took place in front of them or it was a way for them to live their past through the current competitors. The weird trees I found out later are called goals in which the players would shoot the basketball. They would pass and dribble and the coach would teach his players to play defensive on the other team. I found it very hard to be just an observer and sometimes I would catch myself enjoying my surroundings and not doing the thing that I was there to do in the first place. I enjoyed it though because it enabled me to sit back and catch some people doing idiotic things that I probably sometimes do. Overall this was a fun project to take part in and I am glad that I was able to do it at a University of Ke ntucky basketball game.

New World Order Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

New World Order - Essay Example The continuous struggle for the natural resources, and going about to different places in the name of intervention for democracy and establishing the people’s elected government all amass to the real motives and agendas that are set forth in the New World Order. Apart from the ongoing elements and incidents, there are areas that have been subjected to political motives and interests which speak of the entire conspiracy against the free mankind.The usage of satellites networks and the functions fulfilled by the surveillance systems in the form of the Drone and other notable actions leave the ordinary citizens void of their basic rights and privacy that is promised to them under the charter of human rights. The presence and establishment of governments that are pro imperialistic superpowers is another motive and move that is in place.The subsequent output of these actions come in the form of the starvation, hunger, inequality, lack of true democracy, religious values distortion, religion being used as a subject of extremism and exploitation. The natural resources have become a trouble for a number of states on account of the interests that are shown by the imperialistic superpowers.If the trends keep going this way, the world may well see further deterioration and direct damages being suffered by the different people in the different parts of the world.Under the New World Order, the media has been used as a tool for the propagation of agendas and conspiracy has been done so through this process.

Organisational Behaviour and the Standard Chartered Bank Scandal Essay

Organisational Behaviour and the Standard Chartered Bank Scandal - Essay Example This was used to fund terrorist groups. The US branch of the bank hid 60,000 transactions with Iran for almost a decade. Speaking in a press conference on August 8th, Standard Chartered Bank CEO, Peter Sands stated that â€Å"there was no systematic attempt to circumvent sanctions in Iran†. He admitted that some deals violated US sanctions of Iran but that was not the whole representative policy of the bank. However, this incident wiped off $17billion from the bank's market value and shares fell by 7% within the 24-hour period (BBC News, 2012a). According to the Telegraph (2012) the US Treasury department showed suspicion that some US banks are collaborating with Iran to fund the nuclear weapons programme of Iran. However, Standard Chartered Bank kept this secret until the lid was opened upon them. A senior business writer for the Guardian in the UK did a thorough critique of the situation at hand (Palmer, 2012). In his critique, he identified important pointers and actions th at are relevant to the case and give a broader view of the concepts involved in the breach. He identifies that widespread illegal activities committed in different parts of the world cannot succeed unless some international banks cooperate with the persons indicted for the activity. In citing a similar case, Palmer identifies that HSBC bank was indicted for helping Mexican drug traffickers to circumvent sanctions by covering up their transactions and presenting them as legal (Palmer, 2012). In the events leading to the Standard Chartered scandal, it is said that the head of Standard Chartered Americas wrote to the director on 5th October, 2005 stating that the UK headquarters' transactions with Iran were â€Å"very serious and even catastrophic enough to cause major reputational damage of the bank† (Palmer, 2012). However, the warning was not heeded and this led to the scandal. However, Standard Chartered went on and altered wire transactions for the Iranian government (see A ppendix 1). Deloitte, the bank's auditors came out and claimed that they had no knowledge of the actions of the bank's employees and this activity was not disclosed to them (Palmer, 2012). However, Palmer insists that the current CEO, Peter Sands served as the finance director between 2002 and 2006 before assuming his current position and he had served long enough to know about this spate of illegal transactions. This is an offence and the management and staff of Standard Chartered Bank are indicted for their role in breaking an international legal convention. This is clearly the case of an unethical behaviour and requires a lot of attention from the major stakeholders. This paper undertakes analysis of the subject and its implications to organisational behaviour. Organisational Structures/Culture and the Scandal â€Å"In banking, there has always been an overlap between corporate governance and banking regulations† (Gup, 2007 p13). This implies that banking has always had a corporate governance culture that requires the people charged with directing the affairs of the bank to follow some important regulations and considerations in decision making and the running of the banks. Gup goes on to state that these rules and imperative requirements were in place since the 1930s where most banks in the developed world had to react to the major economic crises that came up prior to the Second World War (2007).

Comparing Movie and Book Versions of Cains Mildred Pierce Essay

Comparing Movie and Book Versions of Cain's Mildred Pierce I pity the screenwriter who had to adapt the novel, Mildred Pierce, from 289 pages down to an hour and 57 minute movie. The main character, Mildred Pierce, repeatedly steps out of the traditional role for women of that era, and challenges society’s norms about class. Significant changes were made to the plot while converting it from book to movie. These changes add up to a significant difference in the meaning. In both the book and the movie, the story is about a housewife who dramatically changes her life. She kicks out her unfaithful husband and starts making a living on her own. Her life’s desire is to win the love of her snobby daughter Veda who â€Å"steals her money, her clothes, her man, and acts like a spoiled brat throughout [the story].† (Easterbrook) Mildred’s sick, driving love for Veda has a hint of masochism. She spends years providing love and money, and trying to please Veda. Mildred uses people to try to get Veda back into her life and ends up with nothing. As LaValley says, â€Å"Veda is ungrateful and vicious† (LaValley 11) Mildred’s obsession with Veda is â€Å"less like a mother [but more] like a lover who has unexpectedly discovered an act of faithlessness and avenged it.† (Cain 240) An example of this is in the passage: â€Å"At Veda’s [. . .] sticky kisses that started at her eyes and ended below her throat, Mildred r elaxed [. . .]†(201), or â€Å"she [Mildred] took the lovely creature [Veda] in her arms and kissed her, hard, on the mouth.† (268) Although Mildred and Veda’s relationship stays basically the same, changes were made to adapt the story. The background of several of the main characters is not detailed, but rather sketchy. Many of the characters ha... ...e book for screen changed the mood of the story. The book is timeless and in many ways it feels like it was written yesterday. It has a very modern feel to it, which is not reflected in the movie because of the manner in which it was produced. In the movie the focus was on the scandalous murder mystery. The focus of the story in the book was about a woman and her struggles to survive the hardships of the Depression, while coping with the dysfunction of her family and relationships. The book is also an in-depth study of human behavior and corruptness, dealing with the shortcomings of men and women. David Madden said it best when he wrote; â€Å"he [Cain] created an objective, disinterested, often pessimistic view of life that is simultaneously terrifying and starkly beautiful.† I think it’s sad that the movie almost completely loses Cain’s judgment and analysis of life.

Legoland’s main target market is families with young children

The families would enjoy a great day out while having fun with there children. The young children will have lots to do as the park is really based around them. Legoland has over 50 fantastic rides and attractions. Families with older children would not prefer Legoland, as they would not gave a fun day compared to, if they went to Thorpe Park. Thorpe Park is a thrill park and would excite them a lot more then Legoland. This is mainly because this is not the age group Legoland has targeted. Only one or two rides would attract the older children compared to nearly all the rides at Thorpe Park. Thorpe Park mainly attracts people from the age of 12 upwards as it is a thrill-seeking park. Young couples again would not have such a great time here purely because the park does not appeal to them. However they can enjoy some rides and have photos as most rides have ride photography. But Thorpe Park would be a better option, as they would enjoy themselves a lot more, with better thrill seeking rides. Legoland's nearest competitor would have to be Thorpe Park but they are two totally different parks as Legoland is aimed at 3-12 year olds where as Thorpe Parks target market is teenagers and adults. Thorpe Park is basically a thrill park as all the rides are quite intense. Some of the intense rides are the Colossus, Nemesis Inferno, Quantum, Detonator and Rumba rapids. The prices between Thorpe Park and Legoland are quite similar but a 14 year old for example would much prefer spend there money at Thorpe Park as it is better value for money for over 12's. Thorpe Park Legoland Adults- à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½26.00 Adults- à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½22.95 Children- à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½19.50 Children- à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½19.95 Seniors- à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½17.00 Seniors- à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½16.95 Legoland is a unique park because it is the only park that offers something for younger children in the Royal Borough and is probably the best known in the UK. The closest family park to Legoland is Beavers Park inside the Pleasure Beach at Blackpool and also Paulton Park in New Forest. Paulton's Park is situated in a beautiful parkland setting of 140 acres with colourful gardens, sweeping lawns and a horseshoe shaped lake. It is a place full of fun, action and excitement. There are a variety of things to see and do for all ages. There are 40 different rides and attractions, fast and slow, wet and dry. Some of the features on offer are the Family Roller Coaster, Raging River Ride, Tiny Tots Town, Kids Kingdom, Clock Maze and there are many more. There are not a lot of comparisons between Legoland and Paulton Park. Paulton Park has fewer rides then Legoland though, but only by a few. Paulton Park is not advertised as much as Legoland and Paulton Park is not well known as Legoland in the UK. Legoland has also a better catchment area then Paulton Park. Legoland is very close to London, the capital of England also only 12 miles away from Heathrow airport. Also Legoland has many attractions nearby as it is situated in Windsor, which is a very popular tourist attraction. Paulton Parks catchment area is Bournemouth, Southampton and Brighton. Poulton Park is not commercialised enough. There are not a lot of improvements needed for Legoland as it is a very successful company and appeals to there target market very well. They are probably the best family park in the UK. To increase visitor figures they could build a couple more rides that would attract more teenagers. Maybe a thrill ride, this will attract a much wider range of people to Legoland. They could also make more rides to expand the park and make their customers day longer and more special. NEW FOREST LOCATION The New Forest is situated in the Southern part of England. A superb family holiday destination, flanked by the sea-faring cities of Portsmouth, Southampton and the town of Poole. New Forest extends to the South coast and the Isle of Wight. The New Forest has 93,000 acres of woodland and open-land brimming with wildlife. It is the largest un-enclosed area in Southern England, with ponies, donkeys, cattle, pigs, deer's and more roaming freely. There are a lot of activities that you can take up when you're at New Forest; the activities include horse riding, camping, walking, cycling and water sports. New Forest was set aside as a special place over nine centuries ago by William the conqueror. When you enter New Forest today, it appears that you're going backwards in time. The landscape is unique and traditions exist here that are unchanged since medieval times. New Forest is well known as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). The catchment area for New Forest is quite good with a few major towns and cities nearby. Major towns and cities within two hours of New Forest are Bournemouth, Southampton, Brighton, Windsor, Bristol, Dover and London. The District has a resident population of 171,000, distributed between six main centres and many small villages. As in most rural communities there is considerable concern to maintain the unique quality of life, including not only the attractiveness of the area but also local services. Populations: Bournemouth- 163,444 One-Hour Drive of New Forest Southampton- 217,445 Brighton- 247,817 One and a Half Hour Drive of New Forest Bristol- 380,615 Windsor- 133,626 Two-Hour Drive of New Forest London- 7,172,091 Dover- 104, 566 Visitor Breakdown Millions enjoy the New Forest each year. The majority of visits are by local people within the district, this is approximately 10 million a year by the locals. A further 3.5 million are day visits from further afield and 2.5 million are visits by people staying overnight in the area. They come primarily for fresh air, recreation and peace and quiet. The New Forest also has many features and attractions for visitors. I think New Forest is suited to every age group. Some of the top attractions include Paulton's Park, Art sway, New Forest Cider Farm, Setley Ridge Vineyard, Cal Shot Castle and possibly one of the most popular reasons for visiting New Forest is the beautiful wildlife. Paulton Park is a place full of fun, action and excitement. Children would just love it here, with lots to do. It is very similar to that of Legoland in Windsor. There are 40 different rides and attractions, fast and slow, wet and dry. Some of the features on offer are the Family Roller Coaster, Raging River Ride, Tiny Tots Town, Kids Kingdom, Clock Maze and there are many more. Art Sway attracts many visitors who are interested in the modern day art designs and paintings. New Forest Cider Farm and Setley Ridge Vineyard are the ideal places to buy and experience how and where wine is grown, produced and bottled. The main target here is at the adults, it gives them a chance to buy and taste freshly brewed alcohol. Whilst on your visit to New Forest there is a great chance to visit one of Henry VIII's monuments, the Cal Shot Castle. Visitors have the chance to get right up close with the animals, as there are wild ponies and goats roaming free in the wild. The forest offers a number of centres with different animals on show, with Europe's largest gathering of multi-specied otters and owls. There are two beautiful sites you can visit they are Wildlife Park and also Longdown Activity Farm. There are a lot of activities that you can take up when you're at New Forest; the activities include horse riding, camping, walking, cycling and water sports. ACCESS Visitors can come to New Forest by car, rail and sea. By Road The road links for New Forest are excellent with the M3 and M27 providing access from London and the South East. If you are travelling from the Midlands you have the benefit of the M40 and A34. By Rail You can get to the New Forest from all over the country by train. There are over 130 stopping trains a day at Brockenhurst, which is on the mainline from London Waterloo, this is a one and a half hour journey. By sea Wightlink Ferries operate frequent services from the Isle of Wight to Lymington. P&O European Ferries operate services from Le Havre, Cherbourg and Bilbao. Brittany Ferries run services from Caen, St Malo and Santander. By Air The major London airports, Gatwick and Heathrow, are less than 100 miles away. Just outside New Forest there are Southampton and Bournemouth International Airports. These are easily accessible via good rail and coach connections.

About Complex Sentences With This ESL Worksheet

Complex sentences are made up of two clauses—an independent clause and a dependent clause. Independent clauses are similar to simple sentences. They can stand alone and function as a sentence: We didnt pass the test.  Angela won the competition. Dependent clauses, however, need to be used together with an independent clause. Here are some dependent clauses with independent clauses. Notice how they seem incomplete: Although he is ready.When it is done.   Independent clauses are combined with dependent clauses to make sense.   Well go to the bank because we need some money.  As soon as we land, Ill give you a call.   Notice that dependent clauses can come first. In this case, we use a comma.   Before she comes, well eat some lunch.Because hes late for work, he took a taxi.   Writing Complex Sentences Using Subordinating Conjunctions Complex sentences are written by using subordinating conjunctions to connect the two clauses. Showing Opposition or Unexpected Results Use these three subordinating conjunctions to show that there is a pro and con  or to contrast statements. although / even though / though Although I felt he was wrong, I decided to trust him.Sharon started looking for a new job even though she was currently employed.Though I couldnt understand a word, we had a great time! Showing Cause and Effect To give reasons use these conjunctions that keep the same meaning. because / since / as Since you need some help, Ill come over this afternoon.Henry felt he needed to take some time off because he had been working so hard.The parents paid for extra lessons as the children were very gifted. Expressing Time There are a number of subordinating conjunctions that express time. Note that the simple tense (present simple or past simple) is generally used in dependent clauses beginning with time subordinators.   when / as soon as / before / after / by By the time you get this letter, I will have left for New York.I used to play a lot of tennis when I was a teenager.We had a wonderful dinner after she had arrived. Expressing Conditions Use these subordinators to express that something depends on a condition. if / unless / in the case that If I were you, I would take my time with that project.They wont come next week unless you ask them to do so.In the case that he isnt available, well look for another consultant. Complex Sentence Worksheets Provide a fitting subordinator to fill the gaps in these sentences.   Im going to the bank _______ I need some money.I made lunch _________ I got home.________ its raining, shes going for a walk in the park.  ________ she finishes her homework soon, she will fail the class.He decided to trust Tim ______ he was an honest man._______ we went to school, she decided to investigate the situation.Jennifer decided to leave Tom _______ he was too worried about his job.Dennis bought a new jacket __________ he had received one as a gift last week.Brandley claims that there will be trouble _____ he doesnt complete the job.Janice will have finished the report ____ the time you receive the letter. Answers because / since / asafter / when / as soon as  although / even though / thoughunlessbecause / since / asbefore / when  because / since / asalthough / even though / thoughif / in the case thatby   Use subordinating conjunctions (though, if, when, because, etc.) to connect the sentences into one complex sentence. Henry needs to learn English. I will teach him.It was raining outside. We went for a walk.Jenny needs to ask me. I will buy it for her.Yvonne played golf extremely well. She was very young.Franklin wants to get a new job. He is preparing for job interviews.Im writing a letter, and Im leaving. You will find it tomorrow.Marvin thinks he will buy the house. He just wants to know what his wife thinks.Cindy and David had breakfast. They left for work.I really enjoyed the concert. The music was too loud.Alexander has been working sixty hours a week. There is an important presentation next week.I usually work out at the gym early in the morning. I leave for work at eight a.m.The car was extremely expensive. Bob didnt have much money. He bought the car.Dean sometimes goes to the cinema. He enjoys going with his friend Doug. Doug visits once a month.I prefer to watch TV by streaming over the internet. It allows me to watch what I want when I want.Sometimes it happens that we have a lot of rai n. I put the chairs on the patio in the garage when we have rain. There are other variations that are possible than those provided in the answers.  Ask your teacher for other ways  to connect these to write complex sentences. As Henry needs to learn English, I will teach him.We went for a walk even though it was raining.If Jenny asks me, I will buy it for her.Yvonne played golf extremely well when she was young.Because Franklin wants to get a new job, he is preparing for job interviews.Im writing you this letter which you will find after I leave.  Unless his wife doesnt like the house, Marvin will buy it.After Cindy and David had eaten breakfast, they left for work.I really enjoyed the concert although the music was too loud.As Alexander has an important presentation next week, he has been working sixty hours a week.I usually work out at the gym before I leave for work at eight.Though Bob didnt have much money, he bought the extremely expensive car.If Doug visits, they go to the cinema.Since it allows me to watch what I want when I want, I prefer to watch TV by streaming over the internet.If it rains a lot, I put the chairs on the patio in the garage.